PRESENT TENSE
Present tense is refers to the present time of the verbs. It is classified in to four forms:
- Simple Present or Present Indefinite
- Present continuous or Present Progressive
- Present Perfect
- Present Perfect Continuous / Progressive
Structure
3. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
3.1. Structure of Affirmative sentences:
[ Subject + has been or have been + v-IV +....+ since or for +.... ]
e.g.
I have been playing the game since three p.m.
We have been finishing our work.
He has been participating in the competition.
She has been writing an essay for two hours.
You have been climbing up the tree.
They have been going to the market.
Hari has been writing the copy since 10 p.m.
3.2. Structure of Negative sentences :
[ Subject + has or have + not + been + v-IV+... +since / for +.... ]
e.g.
I have not been playing the game.
We have not been finishing our work.
He has not been participating in the competition.
She has not been writing an essay.
You have not been climbing up the tree.
They have not been going to the market.
Suni has not been singing for one hours.
3.3. Structure of Interrogative sentences:
[ Has or Have + Subject +been+ v-IV +....+since / for +....? ]
e.g.
Have I been playing the game?
Have we been finishing our work?
Has he been participating in the competition?
Has she been writing an essay?
Have you been climbing up the tree?
Have they been going to the market?
Has Rita been writing the letter?
3.4.Structure of Interrogative Negative sentences:
[ Has or Have + Subject + not +been+ v-IV +.... since / for +....? ]
or
[ Hasn't or Haven't + Subject + been+ v-IV +....since / for +.....? ]
e.g.
Haven't I been playing the game?
Have I not been playing the game?
Haven't we been finishing our work?
Have we not been finishing our work?
Hasn't he been participating in the competition?
Has he not been participating in the competition?
Hasn't she been writing an essay since 2 p.m. ?
Has She not been writing an essay since 2 p.m.?
Haven't you been climbing up the tree for two hours?
Have you not been climbing up the tree for two hours?
Haven't they been going to the market?
Have they not been going to the market?
Hasn't Rita been writing the letter for one hours?
Has Rita not been writing the letter for one hours?
USES OF PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE :
Present Perfect Continuous tense shows that the action started in the past and continuing at the present time.
e.g.
I have been playing the game since three p.m.
In this sentence, the present perfect continuous verb tense have been playing shows that playing game is an activity that began something in the past and is not yet completed in the present.
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