USES OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Tenses i.e. Present ,Past and Future have their different uses connecting with the four forms. In English, as per (Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative, Interrogative Negative) sentences, the following are the uses of different tenses: 

 

PRESENT TENSE

Present tense is refers to the present time of the verbs. It is classified in to four forms:

1. Simple Present or Present Indefinite
2. Present continuous or Present Progressive 
3. Present Perfect
4. Present Perfect Continuous / Progressive 

                        Structure

1.SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (INDEFINITE)

1.1. Structure of Affirmative sentences:

            [ Subject + v-1 first form of verb (s or es) + object. ]

 e.g.;

   subject           I form of verb          object

1.  I                 hit                            the ball.
2.  She            goes                        to the station.
3.  Hari           drives                       a car.
4.  You            write                         a letter.
5.  They          play                          badminton.

Use of 's' or 'es' with the verb:

e.g.;

1.  Sita           sings                        a song.
2.  He             writes                       a story.
3.  Reena        speaks                    English language.
4.  She            drives                      the car carefully.
5.  He             goes                         to market. 

Note: 's' or 'es' is used with the verb in the sentences where the subject is 'Singular Number, Third Person'

1.2. Structure of Negative sentences:

        [ Subject + do not or does not + v-1(first form of the verb) + object ]

e.g.;

1.  I do not write well.
2.  He does not complain to his teacher.
3.  Raaj does not play basketball.
4. They do not go to the church.
5.  Reeta does not attend online classes.
6.  It does not work properly.
7.  We do not sing a song.

Note: 'do not' is use with; I, We, You, They, or any other plural noun. And 'does not' is use with; He, She, it, names, or any singular number third person subject.

1.3. Structure of Interrogative sentences:

      [ Do or Does + Subject  + first form of verb + object ? ]

e.g.;  

1.  Do I play cricket?
2.  Do we speak the truth?
3.  Do you sing well?
4.  Does he write?
5.  Does she run?
6.  Does Milan dance?
7.  Does it move?
8.  Do they steal?

Note: use 'Do' before the subject (I, You, We, They or any plural subject). And use 'Does' before the subject (He, she, it ,name, or any singular number third person )

1.4. Structure of  Interrogative Negative sentences:

    i. [ Do/Does + subject + not + v-1 + object? ] or

   ii. [ Don't + Doesn't + subject + v-1 + object? ]

e.g.;

1.  Does he not write? or Doesn't he write?
2.  Do I not speak? or Don't I speak?
3.  Do they not work? or Don't they work?
4.  Does it not move? or Doesn't it move?

 USE OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS : 

Simple present tense is used to express:

1. Habitual action :

e.g. 

 Ram drinks water at 5 a.m. every day.

 He goes to school at 9.30 a.m.

 I wake up early in the morning.

2. A universal truth, scientific theory :

e.g. 

 The earth revolves round the sun.

 The sun sets in the west.

 The sun rises in the east.

 Water boils at 100 degree Celsius.

3. In introduce quotation :

e.g. 

 Raaj says, "This book is terrific."

 He says, "Writing is fun."

4. Future arrangement or plan :

e.g.  

 Ranjit arrives from New Delhi tomorrow.

 He goes to Bhubaneswar next Friday.

 The cinema starts at 8 p.m.

5. In exclamatory sentences, beginning with 'Here' and 'There' :

e.g.

 Here, comes Raaj!

 Here, he plays!

 There, she writes!

6. In broadcasting of sports events or commentaries : 

e.g.

 Suresh Raina passes the ball to Virat.

 Sachin hits a six.

7. When the main verb is in future, In clauses of time, beginning with : as, till, when, if, as soon as, unless, before, until, in case, even if  :

e.g.

 He will wait till you write your copy.

 I shall not go home, if it rains.

 Unless Hari works hard, he will not pass.

 When she comes, I shall go with him.

 We shall write the copy as soon as the bell rings.

8. In proverbs :

e.g.

 Everything comes to him who waits.

 A leopard never changes its spots. 

 All that glitters is not gold.

 A stitch in time saves nine.

9. also used with ; often, usually, always, occasionally, never, etc.

e.g.

 You never see it coming.

 He always comes in this way.

 Sita often sits there.

10. In newspaper headlines :

e.g.

 New Zealand beat India in World test championship final. 

 Narendra Modi visits Sambalpur.